• Categories:common problem
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• Time of issue:2020-09-03
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(Summary description)Urolithiasis is also known as urinary calculi, urinary calculi, kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones and urethral stones.
The stone is caused by the imbalance of colloid and crystal metabolism in the body, and is related to infection, nutritional metabolism disorder, foreign body in urinary system, geographical climate, diet habits and other factors. The typical clinical manifestations are lumbar colic, hematuria, or urinary tract obstruction and infection symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency and pain in urination.
What are the symptoms of urinary calculi——
The frequency of urination increased, the drip was not smooth when urinating, the urine pain (burning, tingling), pain, manifested as unilateral or bilateral low back pain, the nature of paroxysmal colic or persistent dull pain, lasting for different periods of time. Pain can radiate down the ureter to the medial thigh or vulva.
The second manifestation is hematuria, which is caused by the movement of stones, which damages the mucosa of urinary tract. During physical examination, abdominal tenderness and percussion pain in the ipsilateral renal area could be seen. In severe cases, the urine color is bright red and even blood clots can be seen by naked eyes. Some patients can also be accompanied by fever, nausea and vomiting, sweating, anal distension, quick defecation and then not happy, feeling no end of defecation and so on.
When patients with symptoms of discomfort, suspected of suffering from urinary stones, should go to the hospital surgery, good is urology. If the doctor according to the patient's symptoms and signs, judge that the patient may have urinary calculi, will give the patient the corresponding examination, in order to make a clear diagnosis.
So how to effectively prevent the occurrence of urethral calculi? We summarize the following tips:
(1) keep an optimistic and peaceful attitude and avoid mental tension and excessive pressure.
(2) remove the factors of urinary tract obstruction. Urethral stricture and benign prostatic hyperplasia should be treated actively to relieve urinary tract obstruction.
(3) adjust the pH of urine: according to the composition of urolithiasis, adjusting the pH of urine can prevent the recurrence of urolithiasis, such as uric acid salt and oxalate stone forming in acid urine, phosphate and carbonate stone forming in alkaline urine. Experts remind: if the patients with uric acid salt, should pay attention to eat less food with high uric acid, such as animal viscera, seafood, black tea, coffee, chocolate and peanut, etc. Calcium phosphate stone patients, eat less calcium containing food, such as milk and so on.
(4) develop the habit of drinking more water: drinking more water can increase urine output, dilute the crystal in urine, and make it easy to be discharged from the body. At the same time, even if the formation of small urethral stones, but also as early as possible to wash it out of the urine. Good drinking water more than 2500 ml every day, maintain the urine color light. Even if you are not thirsty in autumn, you should drink appropriate amount of water, especially before you go to bed, you can drink a large glass of water to ensure enough urine volume at night. If the local water source contains high calcium content, it should pay more attention to softening before drinking, good drinking magnetized water.
(5) pay attention to nutrition and diet: do not eat and drink too much and limit excessive nutrition. Because eating and drinking is high protein, high sugar and high fat diet, which will increase the risk of stone formation. Usually should eat more coarse food and vegetarian diet, urolithiasis patients should limit excess nutrition according to caloric needs, animal protein intake should be appropriate, keep the daily intake of protein for 75-90 grams. Control the intake of refined sugar. Avoid eating spinach, sauerkraut, animal viscera, etc.
(6) changing the formation environment of urethral calculi: according to the analysis, calcium oxalate is the most common urinary calculi, accounting for about 80%. There are also many urate stones in some areas. Most of these stones were formed in acidic urine, while calcium phosphate stones (about 9%) were formed in alkaline urine. Experts pointed out: therefore, according to the analysis of urinary calculi composition, determine its nature, thus consciously change the acid-base environment of urine, for the prevention of the formation of urethral calculi and in the treatment of urethral calculi disease are of great significance.